Solid contact tubular and planar potentiometric sensors with PVC membranes containing dodecyl sulfate (DDS) and cationic complex of copper (II) with 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen), planar sensors based on the compounds of polyhydroxyethylated Nonylphenol NF-12 with barium ions and tetraphenylborate (TFB) are developed to determine anionic and non-ionic surfactants. The new fields of application of tubular and planar sensors sensitive to anionic and non-ionic surfactants to the monitoring of anionic SAS in a wide concentration range in wastewater stream, various samples of water of small volume added with sodium alkylsulfates and polyhydroxyethylated compounds, as well as to identification of the surfactants of vegetable origin (nuts, soap tree, medicinal drugs) are presented.

A semi-empirical method of a priori estimates of the effect of surface relief on the results of binary compounds electron probe microanalysis is developed. The dimensionless parameter k which characterizes the effect of the surface relief on the intensity of characteristic x-ray is determined using experimental data obtained for test single-crystal GaAs samples with known geometrical parameters of the relief.

The influence of fluorinating additives (ZnF2 , AlF3) and NaCl additive on the character of evaporation of some semi-volatile and rare-earth elements from the crater of the electrode of DC arc (direct current arc) and reproducibility of the results of their determination in graphite powder is studied. It is found that due to more rapid and complete evaporation of the elements from the electrode in the presence of fluorinating additives the reproducibility of the results of determination is improved two or three-fold.

A possibility of ionometric determination of copper(II) in the form of thiosulfate and thiocyanate complexes of copper(II) is shown. Conditions of analysis are optimized. The obtained ion electrode functions (IEF)obey the Nernst equation within the interval 1.5 - 5.2 pC units( on the background of 0.38 M Na₂S₂O₃) and 2.1 - 4.4 pC units (on the background of 0.12 M KSCN), slope of the IEF being equal to 35± 1 and 26 ± 1 mV/pC, respectively. Procedure is used for determination of copper(II) in the spent brass cap etching electrolyte. The relative standard deviation does not exceed 0.05.

A method for determining the slope of the plane point discontinuities to the ultrasound entry surface, correction factor for the sensitivity of ultrasound equipment and equivalent size of the discontinuity in diagnostics of steel forgings is developed. Parameters of ultrasonic wave reflection from the plane point scatterers located at different angles to the ultrasound entry surface are studied experimentally. Analytical dependence for determination of the tilt angle and correction factor are derived. An algorithm for evaluation of plane point discontinuities inclined to the ultrasound entry surface using amplitude characteristic is developed. To automate the flaw detection calculations a software product “NDTRT-15” is developed. Methods and software product are tested at the JSC “Luganskteplovoz” upon diagnostics of the elements of disel locomotives 2TE116U, 2TE116UD, 3TE116U by ultrasonic echo-method.

Carbonitriding in a bath (medium composition: potassium cyanate KCNO - 85 - 90% K2CO3 potassium - 10 to 15%) is carried out at a temperature of 560°C during 30 min with subsequent cooling in air. Heat treatment procedure included: preheating to a temperature of 100 - 150°C (3 min), heating in a salt bath at 850°C (3 min), and final heating at a temperature of 1150°C (3 min). The dependence of hardness, diamond abrasive wear, and wear resistance ofT14K8 and T15K6 on conditions of heat and chemical-heat treatment is studied. The hardness of the samples is measured using a TH 301 device. Tensile strength of the alloy before and after heat treatment in the salt melt and carbonitriding is determined on a tensile electromechanical machine TS 5047-50. Determination of the abrasive wear (then used for assessing the effect of treatment on the wear rate and friction coefficient) is carried out using a diamond cup wheel 150 x 20 x 5 7/5 ACM V2-01 (GOST 16172-90). The microstructure is studied using a multivision set μVizo-MET-221 and Jeol-6000 electron microscope (NeoScope). The phase composition is determined using a MD-10microdiffrantometer.

Electron diffraction microscopy with defocusing of darkfield images is used to study 6013 alloy. We determined four phases (Q₁', Q₂', Q₃', Q₄' ) with an intermediary crystal structure in-between the structure of supersaturated solid solution and structure of equilibrium Q-phase (Al₅Cu₂Mg₈Si₆). This phases, named “Q-type phases,” partly coherent with the matrix, have a hexagonal crystal lattice with the following periods: Q₁'a₁ = 0.237 nm, c = = 0.405 nm; Q₂': a₂ = 0.453 nm, c = 0.405 nm; Q₃': a3 = 0.276 nm, c = 0.405 nm; Q₄' : a4 = 0.384 nm, c = 0.405 nm. The results of darkfield studies showed that the particles of Q₁'-phase are in the form of rods oriented along the (100) Al; whereas the particles of Q₂'-phase, Q₃'-phase, and Q₄'-phase have a form of rails, pulled along the [100] Al with habitus {320}_Al,.

The method is based on the assumption that the fracture zone around the crack is the area at the crack top where the stress-strain state (SSS) can not be described by the eigenfunctions of the solution of the elastic problem (Williams solution). To describe SSS beyond the fracture zone we use the aforementioned Williams expansion in which it a significant number of regular members should be taken into account. We proposed to use optical-digital methods to measure SSS parameters in the fracture zone which provide the a great bulk of experimental data in the form of displacement fields of the surface under study directly in a digital form.

An ultrasonic device for acousto-elastic determination of the internal stresses in the products of metallurgy and machine-building made of carbon and alloyed steels is described. Principle of excitation and registration of the shear waves by electromagnetic-acoustic transducers is considered. The error of measuring time of the acoustic pulse propagation in metal structures is assessed. The results of measuring the circumferential residual stresses in the rims of wagon wheels are presented.

Devises, methodology and technology of studying the properties of high-temperature space-air materials subjected to the impact of hypersonic plasma flow are considered. The experiments are carried out in a wind tunnel VAT-104 (Central Institute of Aerohydrodynamics) which enables us to simulate conditions of hypersonic flight in the upper atmosphere (60 - 100 km). The main conditions of modeling high-enthalpy flow interaction with a surface are given. The values of thermochemical stability, life-time, catalytic efficiency, and emissivity are determined for a number of samples. The impact of the mechanical load on the oxidation rate of carbon composite materials in air plasma flow is considered.

Formation, structure and development of the European Association for Chemical and Molecular Sciences, as well as foundation and development of the Department of analytical chemistry in the framework of this institution are considered. Current activities of the Department including contribution of the scientists and analysts from different countries are discussed. Special attention is paid to the regular conferences “Euroanalysis,” and the proceedings of the last one in Bordeaux 2015. The main guidelines and trends in development of European analytical chemistry are determined.

A problem of choosing a criterion upon checking the acceptability of measurement results according to ISO 5725-6:1994 is considered. An algorithms for calculation of CR_0.95(n) values with allowance for the dependence of the standard deviation of the repeatability from the measured values is developed.